Friday, May 10, 2024

Attending the Electrify Expo...

Attending the Electrify Expo

This past Sunday, May 5th, I attended the Electrify Expo held near the State Farm Stadium in Glendale, AZ.

Location of Electrify Expo
Location of Electrify Expo

 I saw an advertisement on TV (or was it the internet?) for the event and became curious. The price of admission was only $20. I was curious to find out more about electric vehicles (EVs), so I bought a ticket. After a short drive south on the 101 freeway from Bell Avenue in Peoria, I was at the parking lot for the Electrify Expo at State Farm Stadium.

Here are some photos from outside the Electrify Expo.

The Tent for the KIA Exhibition Booth
The Tent for the KIA Exhibition Booth

The Tent for the Tesla Exhibition Booth
The Tent for the Tesla Exhibition Booth

Electrify Expo Wristband
Electrify Expo Wristband

Electrify Expo Logo
Electrify Expo Logo

Electrify Expo QR Code
Electrify Expo QR Code

When I lived in Reston, VA, I once attended the D.C. Auto Show at the Convention Center in downtown Washington, D.C. several years ago. It turned out that attending the D.C. Auto Show was actually a fun way to spend a cold and rainy Saturday afternoon in Washington, D.C. It was fun checking out the latest and greatest models from the auto manufacturers. Since I was unemployed, I couldn't even consider buying a new car or truck. Still, I managed to pick up quite A LOT of swag at the D.C. Auto Show.

I was expecting more of the same at the Electrify Expo.

Inside the Electrify Expo

The Electrify Expo was all about EVs.

The first exhibition booth I visited was for Ford Motors. Ford had brought along the F-150 Lightning and an EV version of the Mustang.

The Ford Motors Exhibition Booth
The Ford Motors Exhibition Booth 

F-150 Lightning EV
F-150 Lightning EV

F-150 Lightning EV
F-150 Lightning EV

F-150 Lightning EV
F-150 Lightning EV

Ford Mustang EV
Ford Mustang EV

Ford Mustang EV
Ford Mustang EV


I also visited the exhibition booth for Volvo. You could watch a movie about the history of Volvo and the EVs they manufacture, but you had to sign up. The movie was shown inside a Volvo bus. I didn't get any Volvo swag, but the EVs were nice to look at.

Volvo EV
Volvo EV

Volvo EV
Volvo EV

Volvo EV


After visiting the Volvo exhibition booth, I then visited the Toyota exhibition booth. Surprisingly, the Toyota exhibition booth was small given Toyota's status as the world's largest automobile manufacturer. Toyota had the full EV version of the Prius on display. However, the hybrid Toyota Crown caught my attention. I didn't get any Toyota swag.

Toyota Exhibition Booth
Toyota Exhibition Booth

Toyota Prius EV
Toyota Prius EV

Toyota Crown EV
Toyota Crown Hybrid
More Toyota EVs
More Toyota EVs


After visiting the Toyota exhibition booth, I then visited the Kia Motors exhibition booth next door. Interestingly, the only piece of swag I got at the Electrify Expo was from the Kia Motors exhibition booth. It was just as I suspected. In return for providing my marketing information, I received a Kia Motors duffle bag.

On the way to the Kia exhibition booth.
On the way to the Kia exhibition booth.

Kia EV9
Kia EV9 

Kia EV9
Kia EV9

Kia EV6
Kia EV6

Kia K4
Kia K4

After collecting my Kia duffle bag, I then went over to the Tesla exhibition booth. The Tesla exhibition booth was probably the most crowded exhibition booth that I visited. Tesla brought along the Model 3 and another sedan (the Model S?) that had the butterfly doors similar to a Delorean. However, everyone wanted to see the Cybertruck. It had a long line. I'm not too sure if Tesla offered any swag. I didn't see any. However, people didn't seem to mind.

Tesla Model 3
Tesla Model 3

Tesla Model 3 Interior
Tesla Model 3 Interior

Tesla Model S
Tesla Model S

Tesla Model S
Tesla Model S

Tesla Model S
Tesla Model S

Tesla Cybertruck
Tesla Cybertruck

Tesla Cybertruck
Tesla Cybertruck

After hanging around the Tesla exhibition booth, I visited the BMW Motors exhibition booth. The BMW SUV EV is really nice for a list price of $185,000. BMW had some great swag. Once again, BMW wanted your information for marketing.

BMW iX All Electric SUV
BMW iX All Electric SUV

BMW iX All Electric SUV Interior
BMW iX All Electric SUV
 Interior

BMW i7 Sedan
BMW i7 Sedan


I then moved on to the Lexus exhibition booth before walking over to the Nikola Motor exhibition boot to check out the TRE BEV semi-truck EV.

Lexus RZ All Electric Sedan
Lexus RZ All Electric Sedan

Nikola TRE BEV Semi-truck EV
Nikola TRE BEV Semi-truck EV


That's a brief summary of the main exhibition area of the Electrify Expo.

However, there were some notable omissions from the main exhibition area. Notable omissions included Rivian, Lucid Motors, Hyundai, Nissan, Honda, and GMC among others.

I will cover the second half of the Electrify Expo in a subsequent post.

Wednesday, May 8, 2024

Hiking the L.V. Yates Trail, Part 3...

Here is the third and final batch of photos that I took while hiking the L.V. Yates Trail at the Phoenix Mountain Preserve on Saturday, May 4th.

You can find links to the previous two posts here and here.

Enjoy.













Hiking the L.V. Yates Trail, Part 2...

Here is the second batch of photos that I took while hiking the L.V. Yates Trail at the Phoenix Mountain Preserve on Saturday, May 4th.

Here is a link to my first post about hiking the L.V. Yates Trail.

Enjoy.
















Module 2: Data-Link Layer...

Module 2: Data-Link Layer

Module Objective: Explain how media access control in the data-link layer supports communication across physical and logical networks.

Topic Title Topic Objective
Topologies Compare the characteristics of physical and logical topologies.
Media Access Control Methods Explain how devices access a LAN IOT send frames.
Module 2: Data-Link Layer
Module 2: Data-Link Layer

2.1.1 Physical and Logical Topologies

The Data-Link layer prepares network data for the physical network.

The Data-Link layer must know the logical topology of a network IOT be able to determine what is needed to transfer frames from one device to another.

The topology of a network is the arrangement, or the relationship, of the network devices and the interconnections between them.

There are two types of topologies used when describing LAN and WAN networks:

  • Physical Topology
    • Identifies the physical connections and how end devices and intermediary devices (i.e., routers, switches, and wireless access points) are interconnected.
    • The topology may also include specific device location such as room number and location on the equipment rack.
    • Physical topologies are usually point-to-point or star.
Physical Topology Example
Physical Topology Example

  • Logical Topology
    • Refers to the way a network transfers frames from one node to the next.
    • This topology identifies virtual connections using device interfaces and Layer 3 IP addressing schemes.
Logical Topology Example
Logical Topology Example


The Data-Link layer "sees" the logical topology of a network when controlling data access to the media.

It is the logical topology that influences the type of network framing and media access control used

2.1.3 WAN Topologies


The three most common physical WAN topologies are:

  • Point-to-Point
    • The simplest and most common WAN topology.
    • Consists of a permanent link between two endpoints.
Point-to-Point Topology
Point-to-Point Topology

  • Hub and Spoke
    • WAN version of the star topology in which a central site interconnects branch sites through the use of point-to-point links.
    • Branch sites cannot exchange data w/ other branch sites w/o going through the central site.
Hub and Spoke Topology
Hub and Spoke Topology

  • Mesh
    • Provides high availability but requires that every end system is interconnected to every other system.
    • The administrative and physical costs can be significant.
    • Each link is essentially a point-to-point link to the other node.
Mesh Topology
Mesh Topology

A hybrid is a variation or combination of any topologies.

2.1.4 Point-to-Point WAN Topology

2.1.5 LAN Topologies

Tuesday, May 7, 2024

Hiking the L.V. Yates Trail...

Return to Phoenix Mountain Preserve

This past Saturday, May 4th, 2024, I went hiking again.Not only did I go hiking again, I also went back to the Phoenix Mountain Preserve. This time, however, I did not make a return visit to Dreamy Draw. Instead, I went back to the beginning: the 40th Street Trailhead. Back on March 25th, I attended a nighttime hike at the 40th Street Trailhead given by REI. It was my first ever visit to the Phoenix Mountain Preserve. The idea of the hike was to complete a short hike in the dark after sunset with a small group of people. As a result, the hike aroused an interest making a return visit to the Phoenix Mountain Trail. Since that first visit, I have returned to the Phoenix Mountain Preserve for three additional visits. Since the Phoenix Mountain Preserve is criss-crossed by trails, I will probably keep going back for the foreseeable future.

L.V. Yates Trail (#8)

After hiking two nearly identical trails at the Dreamy Draw Trailhead, the Perl A. Charles Trail and the Voaz MTB Loop Trail, I decided to hike the L.V. Yates Trail (#8). As you can see from the topographic map from the All Trails website, the L.V. Yates Trail (#8) is a roughly 5 mile "out-and-back" hiking trail.

L.V. Yates Trail (#8)
L.V. Yates Trail (#8), (Source: All Trails)


My initial goal for the hike was to simply follow the L.V. Yates Trail out to the end and then come back.

L.V. Yates Trail Marker
L.V. Yates Trail Marker


The L.V. Yates Trail consisted of a gradual rise in slope to two saddle points that are neatly placed 1.2 miles between each other. The first saddle point has an elevation of roughly 1,822 feet. The second saddle point is at a lower elevation at 1,770 feet. The trail also goes through a dry stream bed that lies between both saddle points. The L.V. Yates Trail is also largely rocky. There were several instances on the trail where one foot slipped on a rock as I hiked. Like most of the trails at the Phoenix Mountain Preserve, the L.V. Yates Trail connects with several other hiking trails. Therefore, you can combine the L.V. Yates Trail with another trail for a longer hike. However, with the daytime temperatures starting to rise in the Phoenix metropolitan area, you are going to have to start hiking early in the morning if you want to hike six or seven miles.

My Hiking Route on the L.V. Yates Trail
My Hiking Route on the L.V. Yates Trail

#304/Ocotillo Trailhead

It just so happens that the L.V. Yates Trail meets up with the Piestewa Peak Nature Trail at the second saddle point. From where the two trails met, I followed the Piestewa Peak Nature Trail to the #304 Trailhead. 

End of the L.V. Yates Trail
End of the L.V. Yates Trail


From the saddle point, the Piestewa Peak Nature Trail appeared to be a short hike to the Ocotillo Trailhead. The view was deceptive as I had to hike down from the saddle point to a narrow dried-out river bed and then back up an incline. The detour to the Ocotillo Trailhead added another half mile to my hike. 

At the Ocotillo Trailhead
At the Ocotillo Trailhead

At the #304 Trailhead, also known as the Ocotillo Trailhead, there are bathrooms, drinking fountains, and a place to sit down underneath overhead cover, which is known locally as a ramada. Since the #304 Trailhead/Ocotillo Trailhead is located at the Piestewa Peak Park area, parking is also available. The facilities are rather similar to what you would find at the Dreamy Draw Trailhead. Just a note about parking during my hike. When I arrived at the 40th Street Trailhead at around 9:15 AM, I was lucky to park my car in one of the few remaining available parking spaces. When I arrived at the #304-Ocotillo Trailhead at around 11:30 AM, the parking lot for that part of Piestewa Peak Park was pretty much empty. The reason why the parking lot was empty was the RISING temperature.

Slow Going on the Return

Once at the Ocotillo Trailhead, I went to the bathroom, washed my hands, and then looked for a shady place to sit. After eating my peanut butter Clif bar and drinking some water from my Gregory hydration pack (no leaks on this day BTW), I started to notice just how hot it was. Relatively speaking. One thing that I did not notice was my feet being in extreme pain at my half-way point. My new size 11W Zamberlan hiking boots were doing their job. Once my watch indicated that it was 12:00 PM, I got back up and headed back to the Piestewa Peak Nature Trail. Since I was hiking uphill again, it was extremely slow going. My heart rate was going crazy. My breath was short and raspy. Still struggling with allergies, my lungs were struggling. Then there was the heat. It was starting to get quite noticeable. I had to hike step-by-step up the ridge to get back to the saddle point. It was slow going, but it was my only option. Once I got to the saddle point, I sat down on the bench made out of rocks and drank some water. With the terrain of the L.V. Yates Trail now declining, my pace quickened. After hiking through the dried-out riverbed, I reached another rest area. I sat down for a couple of minutes and drank some more water. I then began the ascent to the first saddle point on the L.V. Yates Trail. Again, my pace on the trail to the saddle point was extremely slow with the sun beating down on my head. Once at the saddle point, I sat down once again on the bench made out of rocks and drank more water. I then began my descent back to the parking lot at the L.V. Yates Trailhead. As the temperatures rose, my pace on the trail began to slow and almost become laborious. Everytime I reached a signpost on the trail, I stopped to drink a couple of sips of water. As far as I could tell, I was the only person in my immediate area of the Phoenix Mountain Preserve. Occasionally, I would see a mountain biker or a pair of trail runners off in the distance. The parking lot was starting to get closer and closer. I saw the trail map at the edge of the parking lot. I had finally made it back. Apart from my car and two or three other cars, the parking lot was empty. I found a bench at a ramada to sit at. I took a look at my hydration pack and noticed that I had A LOT more water to drink that I had thought.

Once I got back to my car and took off my hiking boots, I could already picture in my mind drinking a large, frosty mug of Scottsdale Blonde Koelsch by Huss Brewing waiting for me.

Scottsdale Blonde by Huss Brewing
Scottsdale Blonde by Huss Brewing


Here is the first batch of the photographs that I took.